If you have red, irritated or crusty eyelids, you may have blepharitis. This common condition can be uncomfortable and may come and go over time. But you can manage it with simple daily care at home.
Here’s more about what blepharitis is, why it happens and what can help.
What is blepharitis?
Blepharitis is inflammation that happens along the edges of your eyelids. It often affects the base of your eyelashes and can be in one or both eyes. It’s usually not serious but it can be persistent.
“Blepharitis is caused by normally skin-friendly bacteria. There is simply an overabundance of them,” said John Twelker, an optometrist with Banner - University Medicine.
Common symptoms of blepharitis
Blepharitis symptoms are usually worse when you first wake up, because your eyelids don’t move much when you are sleeping and the bacteria have time to build up.
Common signs include:
- Red, swollen or tender eyelids
- Flaking or crusting around your eyelashes, especially at the base
- A burning, itching or gritty feeling
- Watery eyes
- Eyelashes sticking together in the morning
- Eyes that feel uncomfortable when you wake up
- Sensitivity to light
What causes blepharitis?
Your eyelids might get inflamed for several reasons.
- Blocked oil glands: Small glands along the eyelid can become clogged. When these glands don't work right, your tears can evaporate too quickly and that can lead to irritation and inflammation.
- Bacteria on the skin: Normal bacteria, like staphylococcus, can build up along your lash line and create a skin reaction.
- Skin conditions: If you have rosacea, dandruff or eczema, you may be more likely to get blepharitis.
- Allergies or irritants: Makeup, pollen, eye drops or contact lenses may trigger symptoms for some people.
Home treatments that help most people
Most people can manage symptoms with a daily routine. “It’s similar to plaque on your teeth,” Dr. Twelker said. “We all know that plaque and tooth decay will develop if we don't brush our teeth. We need daily hygiene to manage the situation. For some people, the eyelids are the same.”
Gentle eyelid cleaning
Carefully clean your eyelids with warm water and a soft pad twice a day. You may want to use a little bit of baby shampoo, mixed 50/50 with water so it doesn’t sting. You could also try over-the-counter (OTC) eyelid wipes to help keep the area clean.
Warm compresses
A warm compress helps loosen crusts and open your oil glands. Use a warm (not hot) washcloth on your eyelids for five to 10 minutes, twice a day. Use a clean cloth every time, so you don’t spread bacteria.
Eyelid massage
After a compress, you can lightly massage your eyelids toward the lash line with your fingertips, using very light pressure. This helps improve oil flow from the glands.
Artificial tears
If you have dry eyes, using artificial tears can help reduce irritation.
Breaks from eye makeup and contacts
Avoiding makeup lets your eyelids heal and keeps irritants from building up. When you return to wearing makeup, don’t share your makeup with others or use other people’s makeup. Even though blepharitis itself is not contagious, sharing makeup could spread the bacteria that causes it.
If you wear contact lenses, you may need to switch to glasses until the inflammation goes down.
When home care isn’t enough
You should see a primary care provider or eye specialist if:
- Symptoms last more than a few days
- Your eyelids become very swollen
- You have pain, vision changes or increased light sensitivity
- You have frequent styes or chalazia
- Symptoms worsen when you use contact lenses
“If you have tried home methods at least twice a day for a week and you aren’t getting better, I recommend seeking ophthalmic care,” Dr. Twelker said. Your provider may recommend:
- Prescription antibiotic ointments or oral antibiotics
- Treatment for other skin conditions
- Tear supplements for dry eye
How to prevent blepharitis flare-ups
The best way to keep your eyes healthy is with good hygiene:
- Clean your eyelids regularly
- Replace old makeup and clean your brushes
- Manage dandruff or other skin conditions
- Take breaks from screens to reduce eye strain
- Avoid rubbing your eyes
The bottom line
Blepharitis is a common cause of red, irritated eyelids but you should be able to manage it with simple daily care. If your symptoms don’t go away or they get worse, a Banner Health specialist can help you find relief with a personalized treatment plan.
FAQs about blepharitis
Is blepharitis contagious?
No, it is not contagious.
Can blepharitis go away on its own?
It may improve but it often comes back without regular care.
Is blepharitis related to dry eye?
Yes, the two conditions are often linked.
Can you wear contact lenses with blepharitis?
You may need to take a break during flare-ups.
