No one knows exactly what causes lymphoma. Most people diagnosed with the disease do not have any known risk factors.

What are the risk factors for lymphoma?

Unlike many other forms of cancer, genetics, environment and lifestyle do not seem to play a large role in lymphoma risk. However, some factors are associated with a higher risk of lymphoma, primarily from problems with your immune system.

Factors that can increase the risk of lymphoma include

• Age: Most types of cancer, including lymphoma, become more common as you get older.
• Gender: Men are slightly more likely to develop lymphoma than women.
• Immune system deficiencies: Lymphoma is more common in people with immune system diseases or who take immune-suppressing medications.
• Infections: Certain infections, including Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori, are associated with lymphoma.
• Obesity: Some studies suggest being overweight or obese may increase your risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
• Diet: Some studies suggest a diet high in fat, meats and dairy may raise your risk of lymphoma.
• Cancer treatments: Some lymphomas may be caused by treatment with radiation and chemotherapy or the use of immune-suppressing drugs after an organ transplant.

Some lifestyle factors have been linked with an increased risk of developing lymphoma. It is likely that any increased risks are small. However, the following factors are proven to reduce your risk of various cancers and diseases:

• Avoiding activities that increase the chance of getting HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C infections
• Avoiding unnecessary exposure to radiation
• Quitting smoking – Our tobacco recovery program offers resources to help you quit.
• Maintaining a healthy weight

If you’re concerned about your risk, talk to your doctor about steps you can take to protect your health.