ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects how a person focuses, stays organized and manages impulses. 

Many people -especially children -can be distracted or restless at times. But with ADHD, these behaviors are more frequent, more intense and can affect daily life at home, school, work and relationships. 

With the right diagnosis and treatment, people with ADHD can successfully manage symptoms and thrive. 

How is ADHD diagnosed? 

ADHD is diagnosed by trained health care professionals such as: 

• Psychiatrists 
• Psychologists 
• Primary care providers or pediatricians 

For young children, early intervention programs and schools can also help identify concerns. 

What does an ADHD evaluation involve? 

There is no single test for ADHD. Diagnosis involves a comprehensive evaluation. 

Your provider may: 

• Review symptoms and medical history 
• Ask about behavior at home, school or work 
• Use symptom rating scales or checklists 
• Gather input from parents, teachers or partners 
• Recommend hearing or vision testing 
• Use psychological or educational testing if needed 

Blood tests or imaging are not used to diagnose ADHD but may help rule out other conditions. 

What are the criteria for diagnosing ADHD? 

Providers use guidelines from the DSM-5. 

To be diagnosed with ADHD, symptoms must: 

• Include inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity 
• Last at least 6 months 
• Begin before age 12 
• Occur in two or more settings (such as home and school or work) 
• Interfere with daily functioning 
• Not be explained by another condition 

Conditions that can look like ADHD 

Your provider will rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms, including: 

• Anxiety or depression 
• Sleep problems 
• Learning disabilities 
• Thyroid disorders 
• Head injuries or seizures 
• Substance use 

How is ADHD treated? 

There is no cure for ADHD, but treatment can help manage symptoms and improve daily functioning. 

Most people benefit from a combination of treatments, including: 

• Medication 
• Behavioral therapy 
• Education and support 

ADHD medications 

There are two main types of medication used to treat ADHD. 

Stimulant medications (most common) 

These increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels to improve focus and attention. 

Examples include: 

• Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, Daytrana) 
• Amphetamines (Adderall, Vyvanse) 
• Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) 

These medications often work quickly and are effective for many people. 

Non-stimulant medications 

These may be used if stimulants don’t work well or cause side effects. 

Examples include: 

• Atomoxetine (Strattera) 
• Guanfacine (Intuniv) 

They may take longer to show results but can provide steady symptom control. 

Other medication options 

Some antidepressants, such as bupropion, may be used in certain cases, especially if ADHD occurs with anxiety or depression. 

Common side effects 

Side effects vary but may include: 

• Decreased appetite 
• Sleep problems 
• Headaches 
• Increased heart rate or blood pressure 

Your provider can help adjust medication to reduce side effects. 

Behavioral therapy and support 

Behavioral therapy is a key part of ADHD treatment, especially for children. 

Therapy can help with: 

• Organization and time management 
• Completing tasks 
• Managing impulsive behavior 
• Improving social skills 

Support for children and families 

Children with ADHD may benefit from: 

• Parent training: Tools to encourage positive behavior 
• School support: 504 plans or individualized education programs (IEPs) 
• Social skills training: Learning how to interact with others 

Family therapy can also help improve communication and reduce stress. 

Support for teens and adults 

Adults with ADHD may benefit from: 

• Counseling or coaching 
• Workplace accommodations 
• Time management strategies 
• Stress management techniques 

Support groups can also provide practical tips and emotional support. 

Learn more about support for children and adults with ADHD.  

Lifestyle strategies for managing ADHD 

Healthy habits can support treatment: 

• Get regular physical activity 
• Eat balanced meals 
• Maintain a consistent sleep schedule 
• Limit screen time 
• Practice mindfulness or relaxation techniques 

These steps won’t replace treatment but can improve daily functioning. 

Care you can trust 

At Banner Health, our behavioral health specialists provide personalized ADHD diagnosis and treatment for children, teens and adults. 

We work with you and your family to create a plan that supports long-term success. 

Schedule an appointment to get expert care and support. 

Frequently asked questions about ADHD 

Can ADHD be diagnosed in adults? 

Yes. Many adults are diagnosed later in life. 

Is ADHD a lifelong condition? 

It can continue into adulthood, but symptoms can be managed. 

Do all people with ADHD need medication? 

Not always. Treatment plans vary and may include therapy alone or in combination with medication. 

Are ADHD medications safe? 

When prescribed and monitored by a provider, they are generally safe and effective. 

Bottom line 

ADHD affects focus, behavior and daily functioning, but with the right diagnosis and treatment plan, people with ADHD can manage symptoms and succeed at school, work and home.