Over-the-counter pain relievers like Tylenol, Advil and aspirin are common for headaches, muscle pain and fevers but they don’t all work the same way.
Choosing the right one depends on the type of pain you have, your health history and how you use them.
We spoke with Grace Akoh-Arrey, a pharmacist with Banner Health, about how to use these medications safely.
What are the main types of over-the-counter pain relievers?
There are a few common types:
- NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs):
Include ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve) and aspirin. These help reduce inflammation, pain and fever. - Acetaminophen (Tylenol):
Helps relieve pain and reduce fever but does not reduce inflammation. - Other options:
Products like magnesium salicylate (Doan’s) may be used for specific types of pain, such as back pain.
Which pain reliever should you take?
The best option depends on your symptoms:
- Choose ibuprofen or other NSAIDs for inflammation, muscle pain or injuries
- Choose acetaminophen (Tylenol) for general pain or fever, especially if you can’t take NSAIDs
- Choose aspirin only when recommended, as it carries additional risks for some people
If you’re unsure, talk to your health care provider.
Can you take Tylenol and ibuprofen together?
Yes, in some cases, you can take acetaminophen and ibuprofen together safely as long as you stay within the recommended doses.
“Many OTC products contain a combination of active ingredients, and it is possible to overdose,” Akoh-Arrey said.
Always read labels carefully to avoid taking more than one medication with the same ingredient.
What is the safe dosage for pain relievers?
You should not take more than:
- Acetaminophen: 3,000 mg per day
- Ibuprofen: 1,200 mg per day (over the counter)
Be especially careful with combination products like cold and flu medications, which may also contain acetaminophen.
For children, always use proper measuring tools, not household spoons.
What are the risks of over-the-counter pain relievers?
Each type has different risks.
NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin)
- Stomach irritation or ulcers
- Increased bleeding risk
- Kidney problems
- Fluid retention
Avoid if you:
- Have stomach ulcers or kidney disease
- Take blood thinners
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- Liver damage if taken in high doses
- Nausea or stomach discomfort
Avoid if you:
- Have liver disease
- Take certain medications
Important safety tips
- Do not mix with alcohol
- Take with a full glass of water
- Avoid long-term use without medical guidance
When should you stop taking pain relievers?
If your pain doesn’t improve within 7 to 10 days, stop taking the medication and talk to your doctor.
Long-term use can increase the risk of serious side effects, including organ damage.
Frequently asked questions about pain relievers
Which is safer: Tylenol or ibuprofen?
It depends on your health. Tylenol may be safer for people with stomach issues, while ibuprofen may be better for inflammation.
Can you take pain relievers every day?
They are not meant for long-term daily use without medical guidance.
What happens if you take too much?
Overdosing can cause serious complications, including liver or kidney damage.
When should you call for help?
If you suspect an overdose, call Poison Control at 800-222-1222.
The bottom line
Over-the-counter pain relievers can be effective and safe when used correctly, but they are not risk-free. Choosing the right medication and using it as directed can help you manage pain without causing harm.
If you have questions, talk to a Banner Health provider or pharmacist.
