There are many myths about condoms, from whether they reduce pleasure to how well they prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
The truth is condoms, when used correctly, are a safe and effective way to protect your sexual and reproductive health. Understanding the facts can help you make informed decisions.
Randy S. Gelow, MD, a family medicine physician at Banner Health Center in Phoenix, AZ, is here to debunk some of the common myths that circulate about condoms, so you can make an informed decision.
What are condoms and how effective are they?
Condoms are a barrier method of contraception that help prevent pregnancy and reduce the risk of STIs by stopping the exchange of bodily fluids. When used correctly, condoms are about 98% effective at preventing pregnancy.
Myth #1: Condoms reduce pleasure.
Fact: When both partners are on board regarding contraception, sex is actually better! You can focus on this shared pleasurable experience rather than worrying about things like STIs or an unintended pregnancy. If you or your partner feel any discomfort, it’s likely due to an issue with the size or type of condom, wearing it incorrectly or lack of lubrication, something we’ll touch on in a minute.
Myth #2: Condoms are one-size-fits-all.
Fact: No condom is one-size-fits-all, but they do come in a variety of shapes, sizes, colors and textures. And, before you say you’re “too big” to use them, note that standard-sized condoms can stretch to quite surprising sizes.
“However, you must properly size a condom,” Dr. Gelow said. “Too small, and you risk breakage and uncomfortable experience. Too large, and you risk slippage and lack of protection as well as the potential for breakage.”
When it comes to condom shopping, research which size and brand will work best for you. Worst case, get a variety pack, so you can test out various sizes to find a good fit.
Myth #3: Two condoms are better than one.
Fact: No, nope, nada. Two heads may be better than one when making decisions, but this is not true when it comes to condoms. “Using one condom correctly is the best way to reduce your risk of STIs and pregnancy,” Dr. Gelow said. “Using two can increase the risk of breakage due to increased rubbing and improper fit.”
Myth #4: Condoms don’t protect against STIs.
Fact: When condoms are used correctly, which includes properly opening and placing the condom and having appropriate lubrication, they can reduce the risk for STIs, and are about 98% effective at preventing pregnancy when used correctly. Condoms are one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of STIs when used consistently and correctly.
“Condoms act as a barrier which doesn’t allow mixing of bodily fluids and decreases exposure of one partner’s fluids from another,” Dr. Gelow said. To be most effective, condoms should be worn during the entire penetrative act (sex), not only during climax, since fluid can be shared before ejaculation.
“Condoms are the most effective way to prevent STIs, which have been increasing every single year since 2012,” Dr. Gelow said. “Remember, between 50% to 80% of STIs have ZERO symptoms, so, even if partner states they have no symptoms or don’t show any symptoms, this doesn’t mean that they don’t have an STI.”
Myth #5: I’m allergic to latex, so I can’t use condoms.
Fact: Latex allergy? No problem! You can still have an amazing (and safe!) sex life with a latex allergy by using latex-free condoms.
“There are many condoms that are made from polyurethane or polyisoprene (SKYN brand) that offer the same pregnancy and STI prevention efficacy as latex,” Dr. Gelow said. “These condoms are often thinner and looser and offer a more comfortable experience for those who feel a condom.”
But be aware of some natural condoms, like lambskin condoms. These types of natural condoms should be avoided as they don’t offer STI and HIV prevention. Stick with other options, like polyurethane or polyisoprene.
[Read “I Have a Sexually Transmitted Infection, Now What?”]
Myth #6: Condoms are only for vaginal sex.
Fact: People of all genders and sexual orientation can use condoms for vaginal, oral and anal sex. In addition to external condoms that are placed on a penis, there are internal condoms, commonly called female condoms, which can be inserted in the vagina or rectum. According to the National Health Service, if used correctly, female condoms are 95% effective.
Myth #7: If you need extra lube, Vaseline is good.
Fact: No, it’s not. “It’s true lubricated condoms can help reduce friction and lower the risk of breakage, but make sure the lubricant is condom safe,” Dr. Gelow said. “Petroleum-based products, like Vaseline, cause condoms to break.”
Never use lubricants that contain oils, fats or grease, which includes hand lotions, baby oil and cooking oil. Instead use a water-based or silicone-based lubricant.
Myth #8: Condoms are the only form of contraception I need.
Fact: Using condoms along with another form of birth control, such as the pill, IUD or shot, is a great way to best protect against pregnancy and STIs. And remember, if you’re on birth control, this only protects against pregnancy, not STIs. It’s safe and smart to use condoms every time you have sex.
[Explore your birth control options here.]
Frequently asked questions about condoms
How effective are condoms?
When used correctly, condoms are about 98% effective at preventing pregnancy and can significantly reduce the risk of STIs.
Do condoms prevent all STIs?
Condoms greatly reduce the risk of many STIs, though they may not fully protect against infections spread through skin-to-skin contact.
Can condoms break?
Yes, but proper use, correct sizing and using the right lubricant can reduce the risk.
Should you use condoms with other birth control?
Yes. Using condoms with another form of birth control offers added protection against pregnancy and STIs.
The bottom line
Despite common myths, condoms are safe, effective and widely available. They are one of the best ways to prevent STIs and reduce the risk of unintended pregnancy.
If you have questions about contraception or STI prevention, talk to your health care provider during your next visit.
Related articles:
- Should I Tell My Doctor About My Sexual History?
- Preventing HIV/AIDS, One Pill at a Time
- HSV-1 and HSV-2: Breaking the Stigma of Herpes
Content in this article was updated on May 4, 2026.
