Vaginal dryness is a common condition that can cause discomfort, irritation or pain, especially during sex. While it’s often linked to menopause, it can affect women at many stages of life.
Understanding the cause of vaginal dryness can help you find the right treatment and feel more comfortable.
We spoke with McKenna Li, DO, an OB-GYN with Banner Health, about why vaginal dryness happens and how it can be treated.
What are the symptoms of vaginal dryness?
Symptoms can vary, but often include:
- Dryness or lack of lubrication
- Pain during sex
- Burning, itching or irritation
- Urinary symptoms such as discomfort or frequent urination
What causes vaginal dryness?
“By far, menopause is the number one cause,” Li said.
Estrogen helps keep vaginal tissue healthy and lubricated. When levels drop, dryness can occur.
Other causes include:
- Medications (such as antihistamines or antidepressants)
- Stress or depression
- Infections
- Immune system conditions
- Hormonal changes not related to menopause
How to treat vaginal dryness
There are several treatment options depending on the cause and severity.
Vaginal moisturizers
Used regularly to maintain moisture.
Pros: Easy to use and available over the counter
Cons: Need consistent use
Lubricants
Used during sexual activity for comfort.
Pros: Quick relief
Cons: Temporary and may need reapplication
Prescription treatments
If symptoms persist, your provider may recommend:
- Vaginal estrogen (creams, tablets or rings)
- Hormone therapy
- Nonhormonal medications like ospemifene
“These options can be very effective, but they should be discussed with your provider,” Li said.
What to avoid
- Douching or vaginal steaming
- Harsh soaps or cleansers
- Oil-based products not designed for vaginal use
When should you see a doctor?
You should talk to a provider if:
- Symptoms are ongoing
- Sex is painful
- Over-the-counter treatments aren’t helping
- You have urinary symptoms
“Vaginal dryness is treatable and not something you have to live with,” Li said.
Frequently asked questions about vaginal dryness
Is vaginal dryness normal?
Yes, especially during menopause, but it can happen at other times too.
What is the best treatment?
It depends on the cause. Options range from lubricants to prescription therapies.
Can vaginal dryness go away?
Sometimes, especially if related to temporary factors.
Is it safe to use lubricants regularly?
Yes, especially water- or silicone-based products designed for vaginal use.
The bottom line
Vaginal dryness is common and treatable. Whether it’s caused by hormonal changes, medications or other factors, there are effective options to help you feel more comfortable and improve your quality of life.
Connect with a Banner Health provider who can help diagnose and treat symptoms of vaginal dryness.
