Stomach pain is common and can range from mild discomfort to severe pain. While most causes aren’t serious, some may need medical attention.
We spoke with Joel Cooper, a family medicine physician at Banner Urgent Care, about common causes of stomach pain and what to do about them.
What causes stomach pain?
There are many possible causes of stomach pain, from temporary digestive issues to more serious conditions.
“The causes of stomach pain can be difficult to pinpoint because there are so many conditions that can contribute,” Cooper said.
When should you worry about stomach pain?
Seek medical care if you have:
- Severe or worsening pain
- Pain that comes on suddenly
- Fever
- Vomiting or blood in vomit
- Black or tarry stools
- Unexplained weight loss
Common causes of stomach pain
Food poisoning
Food poisoning can cause stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. It is usually short term and improves within a day or two.
What helps: Stay hydrated and rest.
Indigestion
Often caused by overeating, stress or certain foods, indigestion can lead to discomfort, bloating and burning.
What helps: Rest your stomach and avoid trigger foods.
Constipation
Constipation can cause bloating, fullness and abdominal discomfort.
What helps: Drink water, eat fiber and stay active.
Acid reflux (GERD)
GERD can cause burning pain in the chest or upper abdomen, along with a sour taste.
What helps: Antacids or medications may relieve symptoms, but persistent issues should be evaluated.
Lactose intolerance
Difficulty digesting dairy can cause gas, bloating and diarrhea.
What helps: Avoid dairy or try lactose-free alternatives.
Appendicitis
Sharp pain in the lower right abdomen may indicate appendicitis.
What helps: This is a medical emergency. Seek care immediately.
Gynecologic causes
In females, pain may be related to menstruation, ovulation or conditions like ovarian cysts or ectopic pregnancy.
What helps: Mild symptoms may improve with rest, but persistent pain should be evaluated.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
IBS can cause cramping, bloating and changes in bowel habits.
What helps: Managing diet and stress can improve symptoms.
Gallbladder problems
Pain after eating fatty foods may point to gallbladder issues.
What helps: Medical evaluation is needed for diagnosis and treatment.
How can you treat stomach pain at home?
For mild symptoms:
- Stay hydrated
- Eat bland foods
- Rest
- Avoid trigger foods
Frequently asked questions about stomach pain
What is the most common cause of stomach pain?
Digestive issues like indigestion, gas or constipation are common causes.
When should I go to the doctor for stomach pain?
If pain is severe, persistent or comes with other concerning symptoms.
Can stress cause stomach pain?
Yes, stress can affect digestion and cause discomfort.
How long should stomach pain last?
Mild pain usually improves within a few days. Persistent pain should be evaluated.
The bottom line
Most stomach pain is not serious and can be managed at home, but knowing when to seek care is important. If your symptoms worsen or don’t improve, contact a Banner Health provider.
